Learn how to create a nature-friendly gravel garden as a habitat for wild bees. No membrane, using native perennials for a stable microclimate.
The traditional gravel garden—often characterised by plastic membrane and an airtight layer of stone—is of no ecological value and heats up significantly in June. A nature-friendly gravel garden, on the other hand, is a functional habitat for specialist species. It provides living space for ground-nesting wild bees such as the mining bee (Andrena) or the masked bee (Colletes), which rely on open, bare patches of ground.
By applying a mineral layer (gravel or chippings, grain size 8-16 mm) directly onto the existing soil, you allow for gas exchange and moisture regulation. The microclimate is stabilised by the cooling effect of plant transpiration, while the mineral mulch layer acts as a heat reservoir, which particularly benefits heat-loving reptiles like the sand lizard (Lacerta agilis).
The following table shows species that harmonise perfectly with low-nutrient, dry conditions:
| Plant species | Botanical name | Special feature |
|---|---|---|
| Carthusian pink | Dianthus carthusianorum | Important nectar source |
| Field eryngo | Eryngium campestre | Attracts specialist potter wasps |
| Goldmoss stonecrop | Sedum acre | Food source for wild bees |
| Italian aster | Aster amellus | Late summer pollen source |
Avoid using fertilisers and artificial irrigation entirely after the initial establishment phase. These species are adapted to dry conditions. Only remove invasive material if species such as Canadian horseweed (Erigeron canadensis) become established, in order to protect the native flora.
Membrane interrupts soil contact for micro-organisms and prevents insects from digging or nesting in the soil.
No. Gravel gardens rely on low-nutrient sites. Additional fertiliser would encourage the growth of competitive species and reduce biodiversity.
Only during the initial establishment phase. Once established, site-appropriate species can cope with summer heat on their own thanks to their deep root systems.
Main article: Heat stress in the nature garden: Why drought encourages adaptation
Keywords
Learn why heat stress in the nature garden is a natural process and how native plants like chicory survive heat through deep root growth.
In-depthLearn why accepting drought stress in your garden is a valuable ecological adaptation and how to build a resilient wildlife garden.
In-depthFind out how mycorrhizal fungi improve your plants' water supply and actively support your garden during drought and heat stress in June.
In-depthLearn how heat affects the brood behaviour of wild bees and which measures you can take to protect nesting sites and food sources during dry spells.
In-depthLearn how to retain soil moisture in your wildlife garden during June through correct mulching and how to sustainably promote the vitality of your soil.
All species data comes from scientific sources (CC BY 4.0 / CC0). Attribution according to licence terms. Complete source overview →