Parnassius apollo

Family: PapilionidaeGenus: Parnassiusnative in Germany

native in Germany

native_regions-Cache · 85 %

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Plants

visited

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Interactions

documented

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Host plants

known

About this species

A univoltine butterfly that flies in August and overwinters as an egg or larva. Parnassius apollo is listed on Annex IV of the Habitats Directive.

Ecological network

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Plant food

Yearly cycle

Adults are active in August. Eggs are laid and the species overwinters as an egg or larva, completing its life cycle once a year.

Merkmale

Ernährung & Verhalten

Generationen/Jahr

univoltine

Overwintering

egg/larva

Scientific profile

Parnassius apollo is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is univoltine, with a single generation each year; the adult flight period is confined to August. Overwintering takes place in the egg or larval stage. The species is included in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive (FFH code 1057) and is categorised as Endangered (Category 2) on the German Red List.

Host plants

7 plants serve as food for the larvae

Sempervivum arachnoideum × montanumSedum acreSempervivum tectorum var. rhenanumSedum album subsp. albumRhodiola rosea Petrosedum rupestre Hylotelephium telephium

Visited plants

9 plants are visited by this species

Carduus defloratusCentaurea scabiosa Clematis vitalbaScabiosa columbaria subsp. pratensisCirsium vulgare subsp. vulgareLophiolepis eriophoraEupatorium cannabinumCentaurea jaceaSedum annuum

Sources & data origin

•Interaktionsdaten via GloBI (CC-BY 4.0)

•Neff et al. (2025) — Swiss Moth Traits, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14506883 (CC BY)

•GBIF Backbone Taxonomy — GBIF Secretariat (2024), DOI: 10.15468/39omei (CC BY 4.0)