Parnassius apollo

Family: PapilionidaeGenus: Parnassiusheimisch in Deutschland

heimisch in Deutschland

native_regions-Cache · 85 %

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Plants

visited

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Interactions

documented

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Host plants

known

About this species

A univoltine butterfly that flies in August and overwinters as an egg or larva. Parnassius apollo is listed on Annex IV of the Habitats Directive.

Ecological network

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Plant-based food

Annual cycle

Adults are active in August. Eggs are laid and the species overwinters as an egg or larva, completing its life cycle once a year.

Merkmale

Körper

Wingspan

7.7 cm

Ernährung & Verhalten

Food

oligophag (eine Familie)

Generationen/Jahr

univoltine

Overwintering

egg/larva

Scientific profile

Parnassius apollo is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is univoltine, with a single generation each year; the adult flight period is confined to August. Overwintering takes place in the egg or larval stage. The species is included in Annex IV of the Habitats Directive (FFH code 1057) and is categorised as Endangered (Category 2) on the German Red List.

Host plants

9 plants serve as food for the larvae

Sempervivum arachnoideum × montanumSedum acreSempervivum tectorum var. rhenanumSedum album subsp. albumRhodiola roseaAeonium arboreumRosularia alpestrisPetrosedum rupestre Hylotelephium telephium

Visited plants

9 plants are visited by this species

Carduus defloratusCentaurea scabiosa Clematis vitalbaScabiosa columbaria subsp. pratensisCirsium vulgare subsp. vulgareLophiolepis eriophoraEupatorium cannabinumCentaurea jaceaSedum annuum

Sources & Data Origin

•European Butterfly Macroecological Traits — CC0European Butterfly Macroecological Traits, Dryad DOI 10.5061/dryad.9zw3r22mp.

•TraitCH — CC BY 4.0TraitCH 2.0 contributors; imported as source-preserving NaturKompass taxon evidence.

•Interaktionsdaten via GloBI (CC-BY 4.0)

•Neff et al. (2025) — Swiss Moth Traits, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14506883 (CC BY)

•GBIF Backbone Taxonomy — GBIF Secretariat (2024), DOI: 10.15468/39omei (CC BY 4.0)

•Seifert & Fiedler (2023) — Macroecological patterns in European butterflies unveil strong interrelations between larval diet breadth, latitudinal range size, and voltinism [Dataset]. Dryad, DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9zw3r22mp (CC0)

All data is licensed under CC BY 4.0, CC0, or compatible terms. Attribution according to license conditions. Full sources overview →